Alain Bosquet, born Anatoliy Bisk (russian: Анато́лий Биск) (28 March 1919 – 17 March 1998), was a French

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or writte ...

Life

In 1925, his family moved to

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

and he studied at the Université Libre de Bruxelles, then at the

Sorbonne Sorbonne may refer to: * Sorbonne (building), historic building in Paris, which housed the University of Paris and is now shared among multiple universities. *the University of Paris (c. 1150 – 1970) *one of its components or linked institution, ...

. He fought in the

Belgian army The Land Component ( nl, Landcomponent, french: Composante terre) is the land branch of the Belgian Armed Forces. The King of the Belgians is the commander in chief. The current chief of staff of the Land Component is Major-General Pierre Gérard. ...

in 1940, then in the

French army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed For ...

. In 1942, he fled with his family to

Manhattan Manhattan (), known regionally as the City, is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City. The borough is also coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state ...

, where he helped edit the Free French magazine ''Voix de France''. He enlisted in the

U.S. Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cl ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, and received

U.S. citizenship Citizenship of the United States is a legal status that entails Americans with specific rights, duties, protections, and benefits in the United States. It serves as a foundation of fundamental rights derived from and protected by the Constituti ...

. He met his wife, Norma Caplan, in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

. He was Special Adviser to the mission on behalf of the

Allied Control Council The Allied Control Council or Allied Control Authority (german: Alliierter Kontrollrat) and also referred to as the Four Powers (), was the governing body of the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany and Allied-occupied Austria after the end of Wo ...

Quadripartite Council of Berlin from 1945 to 1951. In 1947, with Alexander Koval and Edouard Roditi founded the German-language literary review, '' Das Lot'' ("The Sounding Line"), six numbers from October 1947 until June, 1952, with publisher Karl Heinz Henssel in Berlin. In 1957, Galerie Parnass (

Wuppertal Wuppertal (; "''Wupper Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and to ...

) published the

Artist's book Artists' books (or book arts or book objects) are works of art that utilize the form of the book. They are often published in small editions, though they are sometimes produced as one-of-a-kind objects. Overview Artists' books have employed a ...

''Micro Macro'' with poems by Alain Bosquet and

lithographs Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...

from

Heinz Trökes Heinz Trökes (15 August 1913 – 22 April 1997) was a German painter, printmaker and art teacher. Biography Trökes was born in Duisburg. After completing his ''Abitur'' (school leaving examination) in 1933, Trökes was a pupil of Johanne ...

in 50 copies. In 1958, he taught

French literature French literature () generally speaking, is literature written in the French language, particularly by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written by people living in France who speak traditional languages of France other than Fr ...

Brandeis University , mottoeng = "Truth even unto its innermost parts" , established = , type = Private research university , accreditation = NECHE , president = Ronald D. Liebowitz , pro ...

, then

American literature American literature is literature written or produced in the United States of America and in the colonies that preceded it. The American literary tradition thus is part of the broader tradition of English-language literature, but also inc ...

at the

University of Lyon The University of Lyon (french: Université de Lyon), located in Lyon and Saint-Étienne, France, is a center for higher education and research comprising 11 members and 24 associated institutions. The three main universities in this center are: ...

from 1959 to 1960. He worked as a freelance critic for ''

Combat Combat ( French for ''fight'') is a purposeful violent conflict meant to physically harm or kill the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed ( not using weapons). Combat is sometimes resorted to as a method of self-defense, or ...

'', ''

Le Monde ''Le Monde'' (; ) is a French daily afternoon newspaper. It is the main publication of Le Monde Group and reported an average circulation of 323,039 copies per issue in 2009, about 40,000 of which were sold abroad. It has had its own website si ...

'', and ''

Le Figaro ''Le Figaro'' () is a French daily morning newspaper founded in 1826. It is headquartered on Boulevard Haussmann in the 9th arrondissement of Paris. The oldest national newspaper in France, ''Le Figaro'' is one of three French newspapers of reco ...

''. He became a

French citizen French nationality law is historically based on the principles of '' jus soli'' (Latin for "right of soil") and '' jus sanguinis'', according to Ernest Renan's definition, in opposition to the German definition of nationality, ''jus sanguinis'' ...

in 1980. He headed the jury of the Max Jacob Prize, the

Académie Mallarmé The Académie Mallarmé is a French literary academy of writers and poets, founded in 1937. Since 1976, the Académie has awarded the Prix Mallarmé literary prize at the Brive book fair. Founding members include Paul Valéry, Édouard Dujardin ...

and was a member of the

Royal Academy of Belgium The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium (RASAB) is a non-governmental association which promotes and organises science and the arts in Belgium by coordinating the national and international activities of its constituent academies su ...

Awards

* 1968 Prix de poésie le Metais-Larivière (by the

Académie française An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary education, secondary or tertiary education, tertiary higher education, higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membershi ...

) * 1986 Prix Chateaubriand * 1989

Prix Goncourt The Prix Goncourt (french: Le prix Goncourt, , ''The Goncourt Prize'') is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year". The prize carries a symbolic reward o ...

de la poésie * 1991 Grand prix de la poésie de la ville de Paris * 1992 Prix de la langue de France * Officer of the

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...

Bronze Star Medal The Bronze Star Medal (BSM) is a United States Armed Forces decoration awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces for either heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone. Wh ...

Works

English translations

* * * * * * *

Poetry

* ''Les mois de l'année'' * ''La vie est clandestine'' 1945 * ''A la mémoire de ma planète'' 1948 * ''Langue morte'' 1951 * ''Quel royaume oublié'' 1955 * have a nice day and forget you * ''Deuxième testament'' 1959, Prix Max Jacob * ''Maître objet'' 1962 * ''Quatre testaments et autres poèmes'' 1967 * ''100 notes pour une solitude'' 1969 * ''Notes pour un amour'' 1972 * ''Penser contre soi'' 1973 * ''Notes pour un pluriel'' 1974 * ''Livre du doute et de la grâce'' 1977 * ''Vingt et une nature morte ou mourantes'' 1978 * ''Poème un'' 1979 * ''Les enfants'' 1980 * ''Raconte-moi le passé...'' 1980 * ''Sonnets pour une fin de siècle'' 1981 * ''Poème deux'' 1981 * ''Un jour après la vie'' 1984 * ''L'autre origine'' 1984 * ''Le tournament de Dieu'' 1987, Prix Chateaubriand * ''Bourreaux et acrobates, poèmes sans chauffeur'' 1990 * ''Le gardien des rosées'' 1991 * ''Effacez moi ce visage'' 1991 * ''Capitaine de l'absurde'' 1991 * ''Demain sans moi'' 1994 * ''La fable et le fouet'' 1995 * ''Mer'' * ''Les mots sont des êtres'' * ''La trompe de l'éléphant'' * ''Un enfant m'a dit...'' * ''Arbre ''

Essays

* ''Saint-John Perse'' * ''Pierre Emmanuel'' * ''Walt Whitman'' * ''Emily Dickinson'' * ''Robert Sabatier'' * ''Lawrence Durrell'' * ''Conrad Aiken'' * ''Carl Sandburg'' * ''Anthologie de la poésie américaine'' 1956 * ''35 jeunes poètes américains'' 1961 * ''Verbe et vertige'' 1962 * ''Les 20 Meilleurs Nouvelles Françaises'' (1964) Ed. Gérard et C°, Coll. " Bibliothèque Marabout Géant " n° 192. * ''Les 20 Meilleurs Nouvelles Russes'' (1964) Ed. Gérard et C°, Coll. " Bibliothèque Marabout Géant " n° 202. * ''Middle West'' 1967 * ''Un atlas des voyages'' 1967 * ''Injustice'' 1969 * ''Les Poèmes de l'année,'' Alain Bosquet, Pierre Seghers, eds, Seghers., 1968 * ''Roger Caillois'' 1971 * ''En compagnie de Marcel Arland'' 1973 * ''Pas d'accord Soljénitsyne'' 1974 * ''La poésie française depuis'' 1950, une anthologie 1979 * ''La poésie francophone de Belgique'' 1987 * ''La mémoire ou l'oubli'' 1990 * ''Marlène Dietrich, une amour par téléphone'' 1992 * ''La Russie en lambeaux'' 1991 * ''Van Vogh'' 1980

Novels

* ''La Grande Éclipse'' 1952 * ''Ni singe ni Dieu'' 1953 * ''Le mécréant'' 1960 * ''Un besoin de malheur'' 1963 * ''La Confession mexicaine'' 1965 * ''Les tigres de papier'' 1968 * ''L'amour à deux têtes'' 1970 * ''Chicago, oignon sauvage'' 1971 * ''Monsieur Vaudeville'' 1973 * ''L'amour bourgeois'' 1974 * ''Les bonnes intentions'' 1975 * ''Une mère russe'' 1978 * ''Jean-louis Trabart, médecin'' 1980 * ''L'enfant que tu étais'' 1982 * ''Ni guerre, ni paix'' 1983 * ''Les Petites éternités'' 1984 → 1964 rom a copy that I am holding in my hands showing copyright mark followed by "by Bernard Grasset 1964." on the reverse of the title page, and an acquisition date in 1965 by my public library./ref> * ''Les fêtes cruelles'' 1984 * ''Lettre à mon père qui aurait eu 100 ans'' 1987 * ''Claudette comme tout le monde'' 1991 * ''Les solitudes'' 1992

Stories

* ''Georges et Arnold, Arnold et Georges'' 1995 * ''Marlène Dietrich, Un amour par téléphone,'' Paris, La Différence, 1992, rééd. coll. "Minos", 2002.

Non-fiction

* ''Un homme pour un autre'' 1985 * ''Le métier d'otage'' 1989 * ''Comme un refus de la planète'' 1989

Theatre

* ''Un détenu à Auschwitz'' 1991 * ''Kafka-Auschwitz'' 1993

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bosquet, Alain 1919 births 1998 deaths 20th-century French poets United States Army personnel of World War II French military personnel of World War II Belgian military personnel of World War II Soviet emigrants to Belgium Belgian emigrants to the United States American expatriates in Germany Winners of the Prix Broquette-Gonin (literature) Prix Goncourt de la Poésie winners Prix Interallié winners Prix Sainte-Beuve winners Prix Guillaume Apollinaire winners Officiers of the Légion d'honneur University of Paris alumni French male poets Members of the Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique 20th-century French male writers United States Army soldiers French Army personnel Belgian Army personnel Free University of Brussels (1834–1969) alumni American emigrants to France